Wymondham
North Mill
smockmill


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Norfolk Windmills

17th March 1910
17th March 1910

There were once two smock mills at Wymondham.

In 1858 Dilham smockmill was dismantled and moved to Wymondham via the Great Eastern Railway by Tom Brown and his father. Once there, according to the date stone over the doorway, the mill was rebuilt for miller, farmer and corn merchant John Cann on 7th October 1858. The structure was erected on a two storey brick base that was either built in situ or remained from the previous mill on the site. Prior to moving to Dilham, the mill had been used as a drainge mill in Lincolnshire.

The newly erected mill then became known as Wymondham North Mill and was the tallest smockmill in Norfolk.

Unusually, quite a lot of technical information for this mill has survived and is listed below, although there has been some conflicting data on occasions.

While at Dilham, the mill was shown on the Bryant's map of 1826 and was working in conjunction with the nearby Dilham watermill. It would appear that the mill was sold and moved to Wymondham when the tenant miller at Dilham, William Drake Gardiner, put his business assets up for auction, which in turn means that the following listing for Dilham was probably erroneous:
Craven's directory 1858:
William Drake Gardiner, also smock mill at Wymondham

The following advert appeared the week before the advert for the sale of William Gardiner's assets at Dilham and it is not clear whether it relates to John Cann's previous mill on his Wymondham site or the machinery from the mill at Dilham.

To Millers
To Be Sold (A BARGAIN)
Nearly all the entire MACHINERY AND GOING GEARS of a TOWER WINDMILL comprising sails, 3 pairs of stones, spur wheel 8 feet diameter fine pitch, windshaft cast iron, winding tackle complete etc. etc., most of which are nearly new or equal thereto.
Apply to Mr. John Cann, Wymondham

Norfolk Chronicle - 18th September 1858

1931 1931
1931

The mill was a seven storey eight sided mill that stood 65 feet high and 62 feet to the gallery. It had a boat shaped cap with a petticoat on a dead curb with 9 small centring wheels and an 8 bladed fan. The stage was on the third floor.

The sails had a span of 80 feet; the outer pair having 8 pairs of 3 shutters and the inner pair having 7 bays of 3 shutters and 1 bay of 2 shutters (outermost) with 5 on innermost on trailing edge (sic). Striking was by rack and pinion and a chain pole. Some or all of the shutters were removed c.1935.

In 1927 new stocks were fitted made from Oregon pine. These were 67 feet long and 13½ inches square at the centre. These were fitted by either Thompsons of Alford, Lincs or by Cecil Thompson of Hardwick.

The whips were 31 feet long tapering from 12" x 11" to 12" x 6". The iron windshaft was slightly tapering and the brake wheel was made of wood with a clasp arm, was 11' in diameter and iron segmented with cogs. The brake itself was 8" wide by 9" thick and was very heavy.

1931 1931
1931

6th or dust floor:
The upright shaft had a section of pine 15" in diameter and the octagonal wallower had an iron casting that was 5' in diameter. The sack hoist was powered by a wooden drum 21" x 7½" using a friction drive against a wooden ring underneath the wallower.

5th or corn / bin floor:
Corn storage

4th or stone floor:
Originally this floor had three pairs of stones but by 1927 there were only two pairs of underdriven 4' 4" French buhr stones within octagonal tuns and by 1948 there was only one pair and no tun. Here the upright shaft was apparently an 18" square or octagonal section of oak.

3rd floor:
Oak upright shaft with the great spur wheel that was 10' in diameter and made of wood. It had a clasp arm. iron segments with applewood cogs. The great spur wheel drove the three 17" iron stone nuts on 2¾" spindles with round tapers and a ring jack lift. A fourth pinion drove down to a Booth's Cereal Cutter. All of this machinery was boxed in for safety. The governors were of the heavy 4-ball type driven via a belt from a ring on the upright shaft a foot below the great spur wheel. This floor had a door leading out to the stage.

2nd or meal floor:
Here the oak upright shaft was 20" square. The flour milling machine was positioned to take flour from the stones above.

1st floor:
This floor was within the brick base. It contained a centrifugal flour mill, an oat crusher and 2 additional pairs of stones driven by a 35 h.p. Crossley oil engine. The loading door was also on this floor.

Ground floor:
Here the walls were 2 feet 9 inches thick and the base had a diameter of 22 feet.

1931   1931
Brakewheel & wallower 1931
 
Wallower & sackhoist 1931

1931
Tun on the left and upright shaft on the right 1931

In the latter years the mill also ran a Tattershall half-sack roller plant that was probably also powered by the Crossley engine.

My great, great grandfather, Henry King, bought a smock (wind) mill, of which I have an illustration, which was known as North Mill, Wymondham. Later his son Alfred developed the timber steam sawing business into a furniture factory, which I visited in the 1950/60s and which by this time was run by Henry Thomas King. This was sited alongside the rail line and had its own siding (thus known as Railway Works); if the two are the same, he must have sold the smock mill, as it was only lost in a fire on 17th Feb. 1950.
The notes on the back of the illustration say that it was first erected in Lincolnshire, then moved to Ludham (11 miles NE of Norwich) and in October 1858 it was transported to Wymondham
(7 miles SW of Norwich) by the Great Eastern Railway. The guiding hand was John Cann, miller, brewer and wood merchant. As nearby trees were a problem, it was raised by 14 feet and so became the tallest example in the county.

Mike King - November 2004
N.B. Mill actually moved from Dilham not Ludham

William Farrow had been employed at the mill since 1908 and when Alfred King retired and went to Yarmouth in 1935, William bought the mill. William's nephew, Walter Farrow who had been at Wicklewood High St and Silfield towermills worked North Mill whilst William Farrow managed the business.

FIRE DESTROYS TOWER MILL
END OF LANDMARK AT WYMONDHAM
Wymondham Mill one of the last tower mills at work in Norfolk grinding corn, crashed to the ground yesterday half an hour after a fire had been discovered at the base. The wooden structure fell on to an adjoining granary containing hundreds of tons of corn feeding stuffs.
The granary was soon well alight and was gutted. Most of its contents are believed to have been destroyed. It is thought the fire started in the engine room of the mill. Before long flames had spread above the two-storey brick base to the five timber storeys above. The area around was thick with flames and smoke. A considerable quantity of crude oil caught alight and burning slowly, added to the dense smoke. When the flames reached up to the sails they gave a last half turn before dropping into the burning mass of the mill below.
HOUSES NEAR
There were houses and a new office building close by. Although the flames were under control by 10 a.m. it was stated last night that firemen would be on duty until daybreak today damping down.
Two appliances from Wymondham Fire Brigade, two from Attleborough and one from Norwich were quickly at the scene, Station Officer Cullum of Wymondham being in charge of operations. The Chief Fire Officer of Norfolk (Mr. Collow) was also present. Sub-Officer W. Howlett of the Wymondham Brigade cut his foot on glass and had to receive remedial attention.
Prompt work by the firemen who doused the Baptist Church House with water saved this building - only about ten feet away from the mill. Windows were cracked and paint blistered by the heat. The water supply of Wymondham was seriously affected by the fire fighting operations. Half of the town was on very low pressure and the houses in the near vicinity were practically without water.
The owners of the mill are F. W. Myhill & Son and the mill is at present under the control of Mr. Peter Myhill of Ashwellthorpe. (He was away collecting a load of oats from Inverness. H.A.)
SMOCK TOWER
Living in retirement in a house just across the road is Mr. W. Farrow, who ran the mill for 27 years, owning it for the last ten of these. He told a reporter that it was a smock tower mill and had been run by the sails up to about fourteen years ago. After his retirement the mill was converted to work by machinery and the sails, though still in existence were fixed.
The stone part of the mill bears a stone showing it to have been erected at Wymondham by John Cann in 1858. Mr. Farrow says that it was brought to Wymondham from Dilham and reassembled. It had previously been a marsh pumping mill in Lincolnshire and was well over a hundred years old.
"It was a big powerful old mill and did a lot of work as it had to in my early days to earn a living with the charge only a shilling a coomb for grinding, fetching and carrying", he said.
It is not only Wymondham people who will miss their landmark - the last remaining of three in Wymondham at one time. Standing on the high ground and painted white, it will be missed by many motorists.

Eastern Daily Press - Saturday 18th February 1950

O.S. Map 2005
O.S. Map 2005
Image reproduced under licence from Ordnance Survey


7th October 1858: Mill built for John Cann, miller, brewer & merchant, having been moved from Dilham

29th March 1882: John Cann died

Kelly's 1883: Henry King, miller (wind) North Mill

Kelly's 1896: Henry King, miller & sawyer

Kelly's 1925: Alfred King, timber dealer, steam sawyer & wheelwright

1928: New stocks fitted by Thompson, Hardwick millwright

c.1930: Oil engine installed

1935: William
Farrow bought the mill as Alfred King retired

c.1936: Shutters removed and sails fixed

1945: Mill sold to F.W. Myhill & Son, corn, cake, manure and seed merchants

c.1957: Fantail blown off

Friday 17th February 1950: Mill burnt down due to fire starting in the engine room

If you have any memories, anecdotes or photos please let us know and we may be able to use them to update the site. By all means telephone 01263 587564 or

Nat Grid Ref TG10820235

Copyright © Jonathan Neville 2004

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